Ry james speatt



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet l. G. A., A. S. & H. J. SPRATT.

MACHINE FOR MAKING HAIR PINS.

N0.'350,90 Patented Oct. 12, 1886.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

G. A., A. S. & H. J. SPRATT.

MACHINE FOR MAKING HAIR PINS. No. 350,900. Patented Oct. 12, 1886.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. G. A., A. S. & H. J. SPRATT.

MACHINE FOR MAKING HAIR PINS. No. 350,900. Patented Oct. 12, 1886.

UN TED STATES rrrcn.

PATENT GEORGE ALBERT SPRATT, ALFRED SIDNEY SPRATT, AND HENRY JAMES SPRATT, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

MACHINE FOR MAKING HAIR-PINS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 850,900, dated October 12 ,1 886. Application filed May 29, 18S6. Serial No. 203,673. (No model.)

T 0 Mi whom it may concern-.-

Be it known that we, GEORGE ALBERT SPRATT, ALFRED SIDNEY SPRATT, and HEN- RY JAMES SPRATT, cabinet-makers, subjects of the Queen of Great Britain, and all residents of London, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Making Hair-Pins, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

The machinery or apparatus which we employ in the manufacture of our hair-pins coinprises means for feeding the wire as required from a reel or drum on which it is wound, means for gripping or holding the end of the wire to permit the coiling thereof on the mandrel, means for cutting the same into blanks or pieces of suitable length and pointing the same by one operation, means for rotating the mandrel and imparting longitudinal motion thereto to spirally wind or coil the said pieces thereon, and means for withdrawing the said mandrel from the hair-pins thus formed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a plan, partly in horizontal section, of our improved machine or apparatus. Fig. 2 is a section 011 the line at m, Fig. 1, some of the parts being removed. Fig. 3 is an elevation, partly in section, on the line :0 :0, Fig. 1, some of the parts being removed. Fig. 4 is an end elevation of part of the said machine. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of a hair-pin made by the said machine.

a is the bedplate of the machine.

I) is a hollow shaft, which is carried in suit able hearings in the uprights or standards a a 0 is a drivi rig-pulley fitted to rotate upon the said shaft. 1) is a pinion, which is secured to the said pulley and gears with a toothed wheel, (2, fixed 011 a shaft, d, carried in bearings in the uprights or standards a a.

e is the mandrel, which is fitted to slide 1011- gitudinally to and fro within the shaft Z), and is so connected with the said shaft that it will rotate therewith. For instance, the mandrel is made with a square portion fitting into a square hole in the said shaft. The mandrel extends through the said shaft, and is acted upon bya spring, f, which tends to keep it in the position shown. This spring is attached at one end to the bed-plate a, and at its other end to a forked piece,f, whereby it is connected with a spindle, r fitting into a socket, 6', formed or fixed on the end of the mandrel. The spindle g carries an anti-friction roller, 9, and is secured in the socket e by means of a screw, g which is screwed into the said socket and enters an annular groove or channel in the spindle g. The mandrel, therefore, although connected with the spindle g, is capable of rotation independently thereof. The rota tion of the said spindle is prevented by the springf. A pinion, (Z is fixed on the shaft d, and gears with a toothed wheel, 71/, fixed on the shaft h, which is carried in bearings in the uprights or standards a a". A cam, t, is fixed upon the shaft h, and is formed with a helical surface, i. In each revolution of theshaft it this cam moves the mandrel e in one direction against the pressure of the spring f, (the roller 9 running on the helical surface H,) and then permits the said spring to effect the return movement of the said mandrelthat is to say, to move it back to its original position. The mandrel is thus moved to and fro once in each revolution of the shaft 71, for the purpose hereinafter specified.

7; is a reel containing the wire from which the hair-pins are to be made. This reel is fitted to rotate on a pin or bolt, k,carricd bybrackets k attached to the bed-plate a. This pin is so arranged that it can easily be withdrawn when it is desired to remove an empty reel and substitute a fresh reel therefor. The wire from this reel is passed through a tubular shaft, Z, secured in theupright or standard a". A sleeve, m,- is fitted upon the shaft Z and bears against a conical seat, Z, thereon. This sleeve is secured upon the said shaftby means of a nut, it, having a conical extension, 92', which fits a corresponding seat in the sleeve m; but the said sleeve is free to lo tate upon the said shaft. A driving-pulley, m, is fitted with a capability of toand-fro movement upon the sleeve m, but is keyed thereon,or otherwise connected therewith, so that the said sleeve will rotate with the said pulley. This pulley is to be connected by a belt with a pulley on an overhead shaft. Two levers, o 0, are pivoted at o 0' to lugs formed on the sleeve m. Each of these levers has a circular cutter, oflfitted to rotate upon one arm cut.

. s, is carried by a bracket, .9, secured to the in the uprights or standards a a thereof. The other arms of the said levers extend toward the pulley m, in which are fixed the brackets or studs m provided with antifriction rollers m. These rollers bear against the levers 0, as shown. The sleeve m, levers 0, and cutters 0 all rotate upon or about the shaft Z with the pulley m. A ring or collar, 1*, is fitted to slide to and fro upon the shaft Z, between the pulley m and the upright or standard a. Two pins or rods, P, are fixed in this ring or collar, and extend through holes in the upright or standard (6". A fianged sleeve, 19, is fitted to slide to and fro upon a rod or shaft, 10', carried in the uprights or standards a aflbelow the shaft Z. This sleeve is coupled by means of aconnecting-rod, p ,with a crank, q, formed on or attached to the bevel-pinion q. The said crank and bevel-pinion are fitted to rotate upon a stud or shaft, (1, firmly secured to the bed-plate a. The connecting-rod p is made in two parts, which are united by bolts passing through slots therein, so that.

the said rod can be lengthened or shortened, as required, to regulate the position of the sleeve 19 relatively to the pins or rods Z. This sleeveis provided with a spring-catch, p, for holding the wire when the said sleeve is moved forward to feed the said wire to the mandrel e. One of the pins or rods Z is made with an extension, Z, which passes through the flange of the sleeve p, so that at the moment when the said pins are acted upon by the said sleeve the extension Z will disengage the catch 19 from the wire, and thus prevent any forward movement of the wire while the same is being A similar catch, p, is provided on the upright or standard a", to prevent backward movement of the said wire. A spring, m", is placed upon the sleeve m, to effect the return movement of the pulley m, and to permit the cutters 0 to be moved back to theirnormal position, which movement is effected either by centrifugal force or by means of a spring or springs suitably arranged in combination with the levers 0. Motion is imparted to the crank q by means of a bevel-pinion, 1", fixed on the shaft h and gearing with the pinion q. Atube,

bed-plate a. This tube is so placed that it will conduct the wire from the tubular shaftl to the mandrel e.

t is a rod or spindle, which is fitted to slide to and fro in a hollow shaft, t, and is so connected with the said shaft that it will rotate therewith. The shaft t is carried in bearings The said rod or spindle is acted upon by a spring, a, which is attached to the bed-plate a, and bears against one end of the said rod or spindle, so that it tends to force the same into contact with the mandrel, the said rod or spindle and the mandrel being in axial alignment. Rotary motion is imparted to the hollow shaft '6, and consequently to the rod or spindle if, from the shaft b, through the medium of the shaft 1;, car ried in bearings in the uprights or standards a a and having fixed thereon the pinion o, gearing with the pinion b oh the shaft 1), and the pinion o gearing with a pinion, t fixed upon the hollow shaft t. These pinions are so proportioned that the rod It will be rotated at the same velocity as the mandrel e.

w is a catch-lever, which is pivoted at 10 upon a-stud, w fixed in the bed-plate a. Thislever is so shaped at one end that it will enter an annular groove or recess, t in the rod t, and is acted upon by a spring, 10, which tends to hold the said lever in engagement with the said rod.

The gearing whereby the driving-pulley c is connected with the shaft 72. and crank q is so arranged that while the said driving-pulley is making, say, twelve or sixteen, oran y other desired number of revolutions, the shaft h and crank q will make only one revolution. Moreover,the cam t is so shaped that during one half of each revolution thereof it will move the mandrel forward or toward the rod t, and during the other half of each revolution will permit the movement of the said mandrel in the reverse direction by the spring f.

To provide for automatically putting the shaft b and mandrel e in and out of gear with i the driving-pulley c, a pin or stud, 22 is fixed in the pinion b, and a sleeve or clutch, y, is

fitted to slide to and fro upon the shaft 1), and

is provided with a pin or stud, y. This sleeve or clutch is keyed upon the shaft 1;, so that the said shaft will rotate therewith. A ring, y*, is fitted upon the sleeve or clutch y in such a IOC manner that the said sleeve or clutch is free to rotate therein. A forked lever, z, is pivoted upon a pin or stud, z, fixed in the bed-plate a. The forked end of this lever is connected with the ring 1 by means of the pins or bolts 3 The said leveris provided with abracket or lug, 2, which carries an anti-friction roller, a. The said lever is acted upon by a spring, 2, which tends to keep the roller 2 against a cam, h, fixed upon the shaft h. This spring is attached at one end to the lever z, and at its other end to apin or stud, .2 fixed in the bedplate a.

In the operation of the machine the shaft h is continuously rotated through the medium of the pinions b d and toothed wheels (1 h. In the rotation of the shaft h the cam if, acting upon the lever z, moves the sleeve or clutch 1 toward the pinion b, so that the stud g/ on gages with the study I thereby putting the shaft bin gear with the driving-pulley 0. The said shaft is thus kept in gear while the shaft h is making one-half of a revolution, and while the cam 73 is moving the mandrel forward. The cam h then releases the lever z at the same time that the mandrel is drawn backward by its spring f, so that the saidlever z isdrawn by its spring a back to its original position, thereby disconnecting the shaft b from the drivingpulley. The shaft 1) is therefore stationary while the wireis being fed toward the mandrel.

The operation of the said machine is as fol iows, that is to say: The wire from the reel is is conducted through the catches p" p and through the shaft Z and tube 8. The parts of the machine are shown in. the drawings in the positions which they occupy when the wire has been fed forward until its end is in 1)IOX imity to the mandrel c. Assuming the machine to be started from this position, when the crank g, which moves in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 1, reaches its forward dead-center, the end of the wire lies between the end of the mandrel c and the rod 1. The said rod is released by the striking of the crank q against the lever it. It is then moved toward the mandrel c by the spring a, so that the end of the wire is firmly held between the mandrel and the rod 2, the extremity of which is grooved or recessed to receive the end of the wire. Moreover, the crank q acts, through themedium of the connectingrod 21 and sleeve 1), upon the pins Z", thereby forcing the rollers n between the levers 0 and bringing together the cutters 0 so that they sever a piece from the wire and point the said piece, the catch 1) being simultaneously disengaged from the wire by the extension 1. The cam It then acts upon the levers and puts the shaft 1) in gear with the driving-pulley, so that the mandrel c is rotated. The said mandrel is at the same time moved forward by the cam It therefore winds or coils the said piece of wire spirally upon itself. The cam 2 then permits the spring f to effect the return movement of the mandrel, and the cam 7f at the same time permits the spring .2 to throw themandrel out of gear. In the return movement of the mandrel the hair-pin formed thereon is pushed off the same by the end of the tube s,or by the bracket sup porting the same. The rod t, which has been pushed by the mandrel back to its original position, as shown, remains in this position by reason of the engagement of the lever 10 therewith. The crank q in its return movement moves back the sleevep'upon the rodp, and causes the catch p to engage with another length of wire preparatory to feeding forward the same. The upright or standard of is secured to the bed-plate c by means of bolts a", passing through slots a" in the said bed;plate, so that the feed mechanism can be readily adjusted to and secured in any desired position relatively to the mandrel. Moreover, the sleeve 1) is adjustable on the rod or spindle p by lengthening or shortening the connectingrod 1)", and the throw of the crank Q can be increased or diminished by adjusting the crankpin in the slot (f in thesaidcrank. Thelength of the pieces cut from the wire can therefore be regulated with great facility.

The construction of our improved machine may be considerably varied withou t departing from the nature of our-invention.

hat we claim is 1. In a machincfor the manufacture of hairpins, the combination of means forcutting and pointing the wire to form blanks or pieces of suitable length, a mandrel, and means for spirally winding or coiling said blanks or pieces upon said mandrel, substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

2. In a machine for the manufacture of hairpins, the combination of means for intermittently feeding the wire from a reel or drum, means for cutting and pointing said wire to form blanks orpieces of suitablelength, a man drel, and means for spirally winding or coiling said blanks or pieces upon said mandrel, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a machine for the manufacture of hairpins, the combination, with the mandrel e, of the hollow shaft b, the driving-pulley c, the shaft 71, connected by toothed gearing with said pulley, the cams h i, fixed on said shaft h, the

clutch y and its operating-lever z, and the springs f2, all substantially as and for the pur poses set forth.

4. In a machine for the manufacture of hairpins, the combination,with the mandrel e and means for operating the same, and the reel or drum It, of the sliding sleeve provided with the catch 1)", and the crank q, connected with said sleeve and operated by the shaft h through the medium of bevel-pinions, all substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. In a machine for the manufacture of hairpins, the combination, with the mandrel c and means for operating the same, the reel k, and the sliding sleeve 1) and means for imparting reciprocating motion thereto,of the tubular shaft Z, sleeve m, pulley m, carrying rollers m levers 0, cutters 0 and ring orcollarl provided with pins or rods Z, one of which has an extension, Z, all substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

6. In a machine for the manufacture of hairpins, the combination, with the mandrel e and means for operatingthe same, the reel k, means for intermittently feeding the wire therefrom to said mandrel, and means for cutting and pointing said wire, of the tube 8 and bracket or support 8, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

7. In a machine for the manufacture of hairpins, the combination, with the mandrel c and means for operating the same, the reel k, means for intermittently feeding the wire therefrom to said mandrel, and means for cutting and pointing said wire, of the rod or spindle t, fitted to slide in thehollow shaft 16 and operated through the medium of the shaft 1), pinions b c, shaft '0, and pinions t and means for bold ing said rod or spindle out of contact with said mandrel until the wire has been fed or moved forward, and for automaticallyreleasing it and pressing it into contact with said mandrel to grip the end of said wire, all substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

8. In a machine for the manufacture of hair pins, the combination, with the mandrel e and means for operatingthe same, the reel is, means operated by the crank q for intermittently 4 h A .350,90o

feeding the wire from said reel to said man- 7 In testimony whereof we have hereunto drel, and means for cutting and pointing said signed our names in the presence of two subwire, of the rod or spindle t, fitted to slide to ,seribingwitnesses.

and fro in the hollow shaft 25, means for im- GEORGE ALBERT SPRATT. 5 parting motion from the shaft 11 to said rod or I ALFRED SIDNEY SPRA'IT. spindle, the spring at, and the lever w, acted HENRY JAMES SPRATT.

upon by the spring 10, and adapted to engage \Vitnesses:

DAVID YOUNG, J OHN E. BOUSFIELD, 45 Southampton Buildings, London, W C.

with said rod or spindle and to be released therefrom by said crank, all substantially as [o and for the purposes set forth. 

